GDB\u6559\u7a0b<\/a><\/p>\n \u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570 \u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n \u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570 \u5176\u4e2d \n In order to compile with all warnings enabled and to produce ANSI C compatible code, I recommend using the flags<\/em> \u8be6\u89c1\u8fd9\u91cc<\/a>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n \u6b64\u5916\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0 -g \u540e\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u6bd4\u4e0d\u6dfb\u52a0 -g \u5927<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n \u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8egcc\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570 \u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e0d\u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570 \u4ee5\u4e0a\u6587\u7684main_g\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u5165 \u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u987a\u5229\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n \n \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u65ad\u70b9\u5df2\u7ecf\u6dfb\u52a0\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u65ad\u70b9\u7f16\u53f7\u4e3a1\uff0c\u65ad\u70b9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3a0x1161\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e3amain.c\uff0c\u884c\u53f7\u4e3a7\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u987a\u5229\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n \n \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd0\u884c\u5230\u65ad\u70b9\u5904\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u505c\u5728\u4e86\u7b2c7\u884c\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n step\u548cnext\u90fd\u662f\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8estep\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\uff0cnext\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8<\/p>\n continue\u662f\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u65ad\u70b9<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528 \u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u987a\u5229\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u53d8\u91cfx\u7684\u503c\u4e3a0<\/p>\n \n \u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6b64\u5904\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528 \n \u8fd9\u91cc\u7f16\u53f7\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5982\u4e0a\u8ff0\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u4f7f\u7528 \u4f7f\u7528 \u4f7f\u7528 \u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u547d\u4ee4\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5feb\u6377\u952e<\/p>\n \n \u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u5f15\u7528\u53c2\u8003\u7f51\u9875<\/a>\u7684\u7ed3\u8bed\u4e86\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n <\/p>\n1. \u6848\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h2>\n
#include<stdio.h>\nint main(void)\n{\n int x;\n printf(\"Hello World!\\n\");\n if(x=1)\n {\n printf(\"Now x is %d\\n\",x);\n x++;\n printf(\"Now x is %d\\n\",x);\n x++;\n printf(\"Now x is %d\\n\",x);\n }\n return 0;\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n2. \u7f16\u8bd1\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<\/h2>\n
-o<\/code>\u6307\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n# cpp\ng++ main.cpp -o main\n# c\ngcc main.c -o main\n<\/code><\/pre>\nkeruone@Ubuntu20:~\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0gcc main.c -o main\nkeruone@Ubuntu20:~\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n3. \u8b66\u544a\u4e0e\u8c03\u8bd5\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n
-g<\/code>\u6765\u5f00\u542f\u8c03\u8bd5<\/p>\n# cpp\ng++ main.cpp -g -Wall -Werror -o main\n# c\ngcc main.c -g -Wall -Werror -o main\n<\/code><\/pre>\n-Wall<\/code>\u662f\u5f00\u542f\u6240\u6709\u8b66\u544a<\/p>\n
\n -Wall -ansi<\/code><\/p>\n1. \u53ea\u6dfb\u52a0 -Wall<\/h3>\n
keruone@Ubuntu20:~\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0$ gcc main.c -g -Wall -o main\nmain.c: In function \u2018main\u2019:\nmain.c:7:5: warning: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value [-Wparentheses]\n 7 | if(x=1)\n | ^\n<\/code><\/pre>\n2. \u6dfb\u52a0 -Wall -Werror<\/h3>\n
keruone@Ubuntu20:~\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0$ gcc main.c -g -Wall -Werror -o main\nmain.c: In function \u2018main\u2019:\nmain.c:7:5: error: suggest parentheses around assignment used as truth value [-Werror=parentheses]\n 7 | if(x=1)\n | ^\ncc1: all warnings being treated as errors\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
keruone@Ubuntu20:~\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0gcc main.c -g -o main_g\nkeruone@Ubuntu20:~\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0<\/span> gcc main.c -o main_o\nkeruone@Ubuntu20:~\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0$ ls -all\n\u603b\u7528\u91cf 72\ndrwxrwxr-x 2 keruone keruone 4096 2\u6708 5 16:37 .\ndrwxrwxr-x 3 keruone keruone 4096 1\u6708 24 17:11 ..\n-rwxrwxr-x 1 keruone keruone 16696 2\u6708 5 16:36 main\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 keruone keruone 127 2\u6708 5 16:28 main.c\n-rwxrwxr-x 1 keruone keruone 19216 2\u6708 5 16:37 main_g\n-rwxrwxr-x 1 keruone keruone 16696 2\u6708 5 16:37 main_o\n<\/code><\/pre>\n4. GDB\u57fa\u7840<\/h2>\n
1. \u542f\u52a8GDB<\/h3>\n
gdb <executable name>\n<\/code><\/pre>\ngdb main\n<\/code><\/pre>\n-g<\/code><\/strong>
\n– \u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570-g<\/code>\u540e\u7684gdb<\/code>\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n\u8be6\u7ec6\u8f93\u51fa<\/summary>\n
```bash\nkeruone@Ubuntu20:~\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0$ gdb main_g\nGNU gdb (Ubuntu 9.2-0ubuntu1~20.04.2) 9.2\nCopyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http:\/\/gnu.org\/licenses\/gpl.html>\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\nType \"show copying\" and \"show warranty\" for details.\nThis GDB was configured as \"x86_64-linux-gnu\".\nType \"show configuration\" for configuration details.\nFor bug reporting instructions, please see:\n<http:\/\/www.gnu.org\/software\/gdb\/bugs\/>.\nFind the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:\n <http:\/\/www.gnu.org\/software\/gdb\/documentation\/>.\n\nFor help, type \"help\".\nType \"apropos word\" to search for commands related to \"word\"...\nReading symbols from main_g...\n(gdb) \n```\n<\/details>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
-g<\/code>\u540e\u7684gdb<\/code>\u7ed3\u679c
\n\u8be6\u7ec6\u8f93\u51fa<\/summary>\n
keruone@Ubuntu20:~\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0$ gdb main_o\nGNU gdb (Ubuntu 9.2-0ubuntu1~20.04.2) 9.2\nCopyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http:\/\/gnu.org\/licenses\/gpl.html>\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\nType \"show copying\" and \"show warranty\" for details.\nThis GDB was configured as \"x86_64-linux-gnu\".\nType \"show configuration\" for configuration details.\nFor bug reporting instructions, please see:\n<http:\/\/www.gnu.org\/software\/gdb\/bugs\/>.\nFind the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:\n <http:\/\/www.gnu.org\/software\/gdb\/documentation\/>.\n\nFor help, type \"help\".\nType \"apropos word\" to search for commands related to \"word\"...\nReading symbols from main_o...\n(No debugging symbols found in main_o)\n(gdb) \n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/details>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n-g<\/code>\u65f6\uff0cgdb<\/code>\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u7b26\u53f7\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5<\/p>\n2. break \u6dfb\u52a0\u65ad\u70b9<\/h3>\n
gdb<\/code>\u540e\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u65ad\u70b9<\/p>\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u65ad\u70b9\n(gdb) break <line number>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n(gdb) break 7\nBreakpoint 1 at 0x1161: file main.c, line 7.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n3. run \u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h3>\n
# \u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\n(gdb) run\n<\/code><\/pre>\n(gdb) run\nStarting program: \/home\/keruone\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0\/main_g \nHello World!\n\nBreakpoint 1, main () at main.c:7\n7 if(x=1)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n4. step \u548c next \u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c<\/h3>\n
5. continue \u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c<\/h3>\n
6. print \u548c set \u67e5\u770b&\u4fee\u6539\u53d8\u91cf\u503c<\/h3>\n
print<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c<\/p>\n# \u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\n(gdb) print <var name to print>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n(gdb) print x\n$1 = 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n$<\/code> \u540e\u9762\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u662f\u5386\u53f2\u503c\u7684\u7f16\u53f7
\n – GDB \u4f1a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a print \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u7f16\u53f7
\n – \u7f16\u53f7\u4ece 1 \u5f00\u59cb\u9012\u589e
\n – \u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f16\u53f7\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a $ \u7b26\u53f7\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\nset<\/code>\u4fee\u6539\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u503c<\/em><\/strong>
\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\uff01<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n(gdb) set x=4\n(gdb) print x\n$2 = 4\n<\/code><\/pre>\nset\u5f71\u54cd\u8f93\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b<\/summary>\n
(gdb) run\nStarting program: \/home\/keruone\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0\/main_g \nHello World!\n\nBreakpoint 1, main () at main.c:7\n7 if(x=1)\n(gdb) print x\n1 = 0\n(gdb) next\n9 printf(\"Now x is %d\\n\",x);\n(gdb) next\nNow x is 1\n10 x++;\n(gdb) print x<\/span>2 = 1\n(gdb) set x = 4\n(gdb) print x\n$3 = 4\n(gdb) next\n11 printf(\"Now x is %d\\n\",x);\n(gdb) next\nNow x is 5\n12 x++;\n(gdb) \n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/details>\n7. watch \u76d1\u89c6\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u7684\u53d8\u5316<\/h3>\n
watch<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u76d1\u89c6\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u7684\u53d8\u5316<\/p>\n(gdb) run\nStarting program: \/home\/keruone\/xuehao\/CS-Basics_Notes\/PA\/PA0\/main_g \nHello World!\n\nBreakpoint 1, main () at main.c:7\n7 if(x=1)\n(gdb) watch x\nHardware watchpoint 4: x\n(gdb) continue\nContinuing.\n\nHardware watchpoint 4: x\n\nOld value = 0\nNew value = 1\nmain () at main.c:9\n9 printf(\"Now x is %d\\n\",x);\n(gdb) continue\nContinuing.\nNow x is 1\n\nHardware watchpoint 4: x\n\nOld value = 1\nNew value = 2\nmain () at main.c:11\n11 printf(\"Now x is %d\\n\",x);\n(gdb) continue\nContinuing.\nNow x is 2\n\nHardware watchpoint 4: x\n\nOld value = 2\nNew value = 3\nmain () at main.c:13\n13 printf(\"Now x is %d\\n\",x);\n(gdb) continue\nContinuing.\nNow x is 3\n\nWatchpoint 4 deleted because the program has left the block in\nwhich its expression is valid.\n__libc_start_main (main=0x555555555169 <main>, argc=1, argv=0x7fffffffdf18, init=<optimized out>, fini=<optimized out>, \n rtld_fini=<optimized out>, stack_end=0x7fffffffdf08) at ..\/csu\/libc-start.c:342\n342 ..\/csu\/libc-start.c: \u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55.\n(gdb) \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
8. list \u67e5\u770b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n
list<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u4ee3\u7801\u524d\u540e\u517110\u884c\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n(gdb) list\n2 \n3 int main(void)\n4 {\n5 int x;\n6 printf(\"Hello World!\\n\");\n7 if(x=1)\n8 {\n9 printf(\"Now x is %d\\n\",x);\n10 x++;\n11 printf(\"Now x is %d\\n\",x);\n(gdb)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n9. kill \u548c quit \u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u9000\u51faGDB<\/h3>\n
kill<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f
\n\u4f7f\u7528quit<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u9000\u51faGDB<\/p>\n5. \u5feb\u6377\u952e<\/h2>\n
\n\n
\n \n\u547d\u4ee4<\/th>\n \u5feb\u6377\u952e<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n break<\/td>\n b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n run<\/td>\n r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n step<\/td>\n s<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n next<\/td>\n n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n continue<\/td>\n c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n print<\/td>\n p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n set<\/td>\n set<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n watch<\/td>\n watch<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n 6. \u7ed3\u8bed<\/h2>\n